The evolution of parental care in salamanders

Abstract Complex parenting has been proposed to contribute to the evolutionary success of vertebrates.However, the evolutionary routes to complex parenting and the role of parenting in vertebrate diversity are still contentious.Although basal 1073spx vertebrates provide clues to complex reproduction, these are often understudied.Using 181 species t

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Muscle growth and anabolism in intensive care survivors (GAINS 2.0): Protocol for a multi-centre randomised; placebo controlled clinical trial of nandrolone in deconditioned adults recovering from critical illness.

BackgroundIntensive care patients can experience popularfilm.blog significant long-term impairment in mobility and function caused by their critical illness.A potential contributory factor apart from critical illness polymyoneuropathy is the low levels of anabolic hormones in these patients.Testosterone levels in critically ill patients are extreme

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Maternal Secondhand Smoke Exposure Enhances Macrosomia Risk Among Pregnant Women Exposed to PM2.5: A New Interaction of Two Air Pollutants in a Nationwide Cohort

Background: Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is one of the most common outdoor air pollutants, and secondhand smoking (SHS) is an important source of inhalable indoor air pollution.Previous studies were controversial and inconsistent about PM2.5 and SHS air pollutants on neonatal birth weight outcomes, and no studies assessed the potential interacti

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